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箱线图 / 小提琴图

用途：展示连续变量在分组间的分布特征，包括中位数、四分位数、异常值和分布形状。

交互式图表

小提琴图展示分布形态，内部箱线图显示中位数和四分位数，散点为各受试者数据。

生成代码

library(plotly)

plot_ly(data, x = ~treatment, y = ~endpoint, type = "box",
        boxpoints = "all", jitter = 0.3,
        pointpos = -1.8, marker = list(size = 4),
        color = ~treatment,
        colors = c("#1f77b4", "#ff7f0e"))

import plotly.express as px

# 箱线图+散点
fig = px.box(df, x="treatment", y="endpoint", 
             color="treatment",
             points="all",
             title="Distribution of Endpoint by Treatment Group")
fig.show()

# 小提琴图
fig = px.violin(df, x="treatment", y="endpoint",
                color="treatment", box=True,
                title="Violin Plot with Box Inside")
fig.show()

参考方法